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Significant Advancements and Evolving Treatment Strategies for HER2 Positive Breast Cancer
The therapeutic landscape for HER2-positive breast cancer has been revolutionized by targeted therapies, transitioning this previously aggressive subtype to one with generally favorable outcomes when detected and treated early. Current standards of care are constantly updated, emphasizing a multi-modality approach that often combines chemotherapy with HER2-targeting agents, including monoclonal antibodies like Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab, and oral kinase inhibitors. A major and ongoing shift is the emergence of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) such as Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (T-DXd), which have shown superior efficacy, not only in the metastatic setting but are now demonstrating promising results in earlier-stage disease. Furthermore, research is focusing on strategies to overcome resistance and address brain metastases, exploring combination therapies that include novel ADCs and immune checkpoint inhibitors.